Information on paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) patient characteristics and the associated economic burden of the disease is limited. Therefore, we sought to characterize newly diagnosed PSVT patients and quantify their healthcare resource use and expenditures. We used enrollment, demographic, and claims data from IBM MarketScan Research Database and Medicare Limited Data Set (LDS) to identify patients newly diagnosed with PSVT (ICD-9: 427.0; ICD-10: I47.1) from 10/1/2012 to 9/30/2016. Patients were required to be observable 1-year before and after index diagnosis. Patients were stratified by age (<65 years and ≥65 years), and propensity-matched to patients without PSVT. Expenditures and healthcare resource use were analyzed 1 year before and 1-year following index diagnosis. Among 49,316 patients <65 years and 23,954 patients ≥65 years, most were female (64% and 63%, respectively). Compared with matched controls, all PSVT patients had significantly more emergency department visits pre- and postdiagnosis, and more hospitalizations following diagnosis. Mean annual per patient expenditures paid by insurers were significantly higher in the year post-PSVT diagnosis, tripling for patients <65 years ($9,028 to $29,867) and nearly doubling for patients ≥65 years ($10,867 to $20,143). Spending for PSVT services accounted for 43% and 33% of the increase in expenditures in these patient-groups, respectively. Few patients had an ablation within 1 year of diagnosis, although ablations were more frequent in patients age <65 years (13% vs 3%). In conclusion, PSVT imposes a substantial economic burden, with increases in expenditures following initial diagnosis in both younger (<65 years) and older (≥65 years) patients who are not accounted for by cardiac ablation spending alone.